Nutrition Needs in Older Adults

By Silver Sitters

Nutrition needs in older adults depend on activity, health, body size and everyday circumstances. Some people need fewer calories as they become less active, but they still need enough protein, vitamins, minerals and other nutrients.

Match food intake to individual needs

Age alone is not a reason to cut portions. An active person may need more energy, while someone losing weight unintentionally may need assessment and additional support. Ask a clinician or registered dietitian about a suitable eating plan rather than treating poor appetite as a cue to eat less.

Choose varied foods such as vegetables, fruit, whole grains, beans, eggs, fish and other protein sources. Include suitable dairy foods or fortified alternatives. Plan around preferences, allergies and any prescribed dietary requirements.

Make hydration part of the routine

Thirst may become less noticeable with age. Offer drinks regularly and ask what amount is appropriate for the person’s health and any prescribed fluid limits. A rule based only on body weight is not a personalized fluid plan.

Check vitamin sources carefully

Vitamin D: Leafy greens are not a dependable vitamin D source. Fatty fish and foods fortified with vitamin D, including many milks and some plant-based drinks, can contribute. Check labels because fortification differs between products.

Vitamin B12: Older adults may absorb naturally occurring B12 less well. Fortified foods and supplements can help meet needs, while certain absorption problems require medical treatment. Discuss whether testing or a supplement is appropriate; do not assume every person needs the same product or dose.

Review supplements with the care team

More is not always better. Excess vitamin D can be harmful, and supplements may interact with medicines. Bring the names and doses of products you take to a clinician or pharmacist. Supplements should address an identified need rather than replace a varied eating pattern.